Civil Diary Online

Brief overview of Road Cambers and its types Road camber indicates the incline that is set in transverse way (direction) in expressways (highways). There’re 3 sorts of road cambers. The sorts are parabolic camber, composite camber and inclined camber. Camber is helpful for releasing precipitation from road plane (surface) because precipitation could damage the highway. As a result, the centre part of each expressway (highway) is elevated touching the peripheries and it’s known as crown. The representative sample (cross-section) form of the diagonal or cross gradient could appear in various forms such as straight, curving (curved) or combination of the two. The cross gradients are set in gradient like one in n or in proportions (percentages) like n percent (like for example, one in fifty or two percent). The arrangement measurements of cambers are mainly according to the pavement sort and on the precipitation standard magnitude in the region. Generally, slope cambers two to thre...

How to calculate circular water tank capacity? It is requested to choose an appropriate size for a circular water tank to collect 20000 litres water for a residential property. Take into consideration that tank depth must not be over 2 meters. Experiment 1: In case depth = 0.5 m in that case diameter =? Experiment 2: In case depth = 1 m in that case diameter =? Experiment 3: In case depth = 1.5 m in that case diameter =? Experiment 4: In case depth = 2 m in that case diameter =? Tank capacity = 20000 litres of water Overall tank capacity = 20000/1000 = 20 m 3  [as 1 m 3  is equal to 1000 litres] Tank volume = Area of base x tank height or depth 20 m 3  = πD 2 /4 x d In case depth = 0.5 m 20 m 3  = πD 2 /4 x 0.5 m = 20 m 3  = 0.393(D) 2 20 m 3 /0.393 = 0.393(D) 2 /0.393 50.90 = D 2 √50.90 = square root ((D) 2 ) D = 7 meters In case depth = 1 m in that case diameter = 5 meters In case depth = 1.5 m in that case diameter = 4.12 me...

In reality, the method we are going to explicate is not only extraordinary for leveling machine. Obviously, this technique can be used using tachometer and any other device like theodolite, etc. In case there are two points on earth surface like point A and point B and we require the distance between these two points. Here the distance signifies the horizontal distance between these two points. In order to find the distance, we just set the instrument at one of these points in the graduated staff rod. The method can be utilized using theodolite and tachometer. There’re 2 points on earth surface (point A and point B). The distance between these points is needed. Here, the distance indicates the horizontal distance amid the two points. To determine the distance, the instrument is set at one of the points. Furthermore, upper hair and lower hair readings are needed. Upper hair reading = 1.112 Lower hair reading = 0.654 Distance = [top reading – bottom reading] x co...